Intestines
Irritable bowel syndrome (IBS)
A common condition where the gut is overly sensitive. It causes real discomfort but does not harm the intestine or lead to cancer.
Common symptoms
- Belly pain that eases after passing stool
- Bloating
- Constipation, loose motions, or both in turn
- Worse with stress
Causes and risk factors
- An over-sensitive gut-brain connection
- A past stomach infection (post-infectious IBS)
- Stress, anxiety and poor sleep
- Certain foods that ferment in the gut
- Changes in gut bacteria
How it is diagnosed
IBS is diagnosed from the symptoms, with simple blood and stool tests and a celiac test when needed. A colonoscopy is advised for warning signs or new symptoms after 45.
Treatment
Diet changes, adjusting fibre, managing stress, and targeted medicines. Tests are done when needed to rule out other causes.
Procedures that may help
Diet guide: IBS & bloating
Eat more
- Regular meal times
- Soluble fibre: oats, isabgol, cooked vegetables
- Curd and chaas if they suit you
- Enough water through the day
- Slow eating, chewing well
Cut down
- Large portions of rajma, chana, onion and garlic if they trigger you
- Fizzy drinks
- Sugar-free gums and sweets with sorbitol
- Excess tea and coffee
- Very spicy or oily meals
Good to know
- A structured low-FODMAP diet, done with guidance, helps many people
- Stress and poor sleep worsen symptoms
- New symptoms after 45, bleeding or weight loss need tests first
When to see a gastroenterologist
Symptoms affecting daily life, or new bowel symptoms after age 45.
Common questions
Is IBS dangerous?
No. It causes real symptoms but does not damage the bowel or lead to cancer.
Can IBS be cured?
There is no one-time cure, but most people improve a lot with diet changes, routine, stress care and, when needed, medicines.